The problem of speech disorders and defects is associated with language acquisition in childhood (see. speech development disorders), as well as speech disorders in adults who have completed the language learning phase.
Most often, the problem is referred to as "Disorders of sound speech" and extends to the ability and ability to express thoughts and other information using language means.
At the same time, a distinction is made between the ability to build and use language tools (vocabulary, grammar) and the ability to speak, i.e. building sounds into words using the speech organs of the oral cavity and pharynx.
Causes
Speech disorders and defects may be the result of an incomplete process of speech development in childhood. They can also occur at an older age due to diseases of the brain, nerves or organs of speech. The risk of acquiring disorders and speech defects in this case corresponds to the degree of damage to the underlying disease.
Prevention
Regular preventive examinations can help to identify the risk of an underlying disease in a timely manner.
Symptoms
With acquired speech disorders and defects, a decrease or complete loss of the ability to speak is revealed. It may come on suddenly or develop gradually.
Sometimes a speech disorder may be accompanied by functional limitations of the speech organs, for example, when eating.
Diagnostics
Diagnosis of disorders and speech defects covers all aspects of communication skills. Diagnosis begins with a medical examination of the organs of speech and ears, a diagnosis of hearing and a differentiated examination of speech skills.
Treatment
Therapy of speech disorders is carried out individually, depending on the type and degree of the disorder, often with the help of therapeutic exercises.
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