Menstrual irregularities

The normal female menstrual cycle is subject to regular processes under the control of the pituitary gland, which controls the hormonal activity of the ovaries. Under the influence of the hormones estradiol (an important estrogen of the body) and progesterone (the corpus luteum hormone) formed in them, in turn, regular regeneration of the uterine mucosa occurs, followed by bleeding at the end of the monthly cycle if pregnancy does not occur.

Violations of the regular menstrual cycle are manifested in irregularity, intensity, frequency of bleeding, as well as accompanying painful symptoms.

Causes

Menstrual disorders can be due to hormonal causes, but organic changes in the uterus, such as fibroids or polyps on the mucous membrane, can lead to such manifestations. In addition, the sensitive process of the monthly cycle can be influenced by factors such as severe overweight or underweight, internal diseases, external and internal stress factors, the use of hormones or hormone-containing drugs, and much more.

В конце концов, менструальный цикл теряет свою регулярность в связи с наступлением климактерического периода. Гормональные нарушения могут оказывать влияние также и вне собственно – управляемого половыми гормонами менструального цикла, как, например, в случаях заболеваний щитовидной железы или болезненного повышения содержания гормона молочной железы пролактина.

The risk of violations of the menstrual cycle are, along with a possible large loss of blood, primarily the causes of these violations themselves. For example, prolonged hormonal disturbances or the formation of significant body fat in combination with increased estrogen production can carry the risk of malignant changes in the uterine mucosa.

These malignant diseases may not least be expressed through changes, violations of the menstrual cycle, or through the resumption of this already seemingly long-forgotten phenomenon of menstruation. Thus, the resumption of the menstrual cycle after the onset of menopause is considered until the phenomenon of a malignant nature, until this suspicion is completely refuted.

Prevention

Регулярные профилактические обследования значительно уменьшают риск внезапного онкологического заболевания в далеко зашедшей стадии. При возникновении нарушений менструального цикла необходимо попытаться исключить диагностическим путём нарушения, обусловленные заболеваниями каких-либо органов или вызванные гормональными причинами, а при их диагностицировании – предпринять попытку их лечения. Таким образом, очень часто удаётся восстановить общее хорошее самочувствие пациентки.

Symptoms

More frequent, heavier, longer, or more painful periods, as well as irregular menstrual bleeding in the middle of a cycle, are usually cause for concern at first. But the absence or very long intervals between periods can be a sign of violations or, in certain situations, a sign of an upcoming joyful event.

Diagnostics

Detailed reconstruction of the history of the development of the disease and the menstrual cycle, depending on the age factor. Hormonal diagnostics can play a supporting role or be necessary only in exceptional cases when indicated based on the results of the following types of examinations to determine the condition of the organs: ultrasound examination (ultrasound), microscopy and smear analysis.

Treatment

Органические изменения , такие как полипы или миома , должны быть исключены в результате ультразвукового обследования (УЗИ) или- при их выявлении – должно быть назначено лечение.

The most common methods of treatment today are minimally invasive endoscopic operations, that is, with minimal penetration into the human body, such as laparoscopy of the abdomen or uterus.

Various hormonal disorders can be addressed through pharmacological or non-pharmacological interventions aimed at the menstrual cycle. In this regard, therapies such as naturopathy, acupuncture and diets also deserve attention.

Very common in women, anemia caused by too frequent and / or heavy menstrual bleeding manifests itself in the form of decreased performance, fatigue, impaired concentration and poor sleep. Along with the elimination of the causes of the disease, it is necessary to consistently replenish the body's reserves with iron preparations over many weeks.

Особенно в тех ситуациях, когда рак как причина проявлений не может быть исключён, необходимо как можно быстрее поставить окончательный диагноз. И тогда, вопреки бытующему мнению: «Теперь уж всё равно всё поздно!», можно, благодаря надлежащей диагностике, провести своевременное, щадящее и – часто – сохраняющее орган лечение, которое с большой вероятностью гарантирует выздоровление.